八德全修之精忠萬股精神

關帝生於漢末亂世，當時不但世風頹壞，倫常道德亦皆廢馳. 關聖一生「心存漢室三分鼎，志在春秋一部書. 」秉孔聖褒忠貶奸，尊王攘夷之大義，以滿腔熱血，欲挽狂瀾於既倒，扶漢室於將傾，與劉先主及張翼德將軍結為異姓兄弟，明知事不可為而為之，奮戰疆場四十餘載，雖賚志以歿，然其著綱常，振人倫，義溥雲天的精神，不僅使當世的頑夫廉，懦夫立，且影響千萬載以下的世道人心. 



茲就　關聖一生八德全修的幾件大事，摘要的寫在下面，以證明祂的確稱得上「萬世人極」. 



孝：孔子所著《孝經》在「開宗明義章」第一節便說：「夫孝者，德 

之本也，教之所由生也. 」又曰：「身體髮膚，受之父母，不敢毀傷， 

孝之始也；立身行道，揚名於後世，以顯父母，孝之終也. 」再曰： <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">「夫孝，始於事親，中於事君，終於立身. 」 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我們縱觀　關帝一生，移孝作忠，委身劉先主，扶漢鋤奸，生死不渝，最後舍生取義，以成其德. 不但本身揚名後世，為歷代　帝王臣民所崇奉敬仰，而且其聖父聖母，亦為歷代　帝王所敕封，可以說得上是行大孝之人. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">悌：兄友弟恭，謂之悌，即是兄弟的友愛. 兄弟為骨肉手足，也是家 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">庭的骨幹，攸關族群之興衰，所以聖人將兄弟列入五倫之中. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">考證史實，　關帝似無同胞兄弟，然就桃園結義的手足之情來說，　關帝上事兄長，下待翼德將軍，都做到了人世間難能可貴的兄友弟恭. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">劉先主雖為漢室宗親，然年遠代疏，不但無復貴冑的顯赫地位，也是形同平民百姓，但一經焚香結義，　關帝則死生以之，曹操貴為丞相，想以封侯賜爵的方式來籠絡祂，　關帝仍然是「封金掛印」千里單騎的護嫂尋兄. 儘管，　關帝退黃巾、斬華雄、戰呂布、殺顏良、誅文醜，過關斬將，英武蓋世，然平日總是和翼德將軍，鵠立在劉備的兩側，以盡弟弟對兄長的一份尊敬之心. 而　關帝對翼德將軍，亦是愛護有加，如　關帝斬顏良時，曹操稱讚關帝曰：「將軍真神人也. 」　關帝卻說：「某何足道哉！吾弟張翼德於百萬軍中取上將之頭，如探囊取物耳. 」 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">又「古城會」的一幕，　關帝何等的委屈，然祂對翼德將軍，始終無一怨言，其寬厚、愷悌，殊非常人可及. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">忠：關帝一生，忠心昭日月，其人格光照萬世，可以「忠義」二字來代表. 關帝為後漢時期英雄蓋世的武將，由於當時正是天下爭城，全以武功取勝的混亂時代，所以臨陣而思將帥的政治野心家比比皆是. 當徐州一役，兄弟失散後，　關帝為護二嫂，不得已暫寄曹營，當時曹操待　關帝如上賓，就是想倚祂的武略為他打天下，但爵祿卻不足以動其心，祂始終忠心耿耿的追隨劉先主. 關帝在荊襄兵敗，被困；東吳派諸葛瑾說降，並說投降後，仍由祂鎮守荊襄，為一方之主. 然　關帝僅以「玉可碎不可改其白，竹可焚而不可毀其節」相告，並斥退使者，其「忠臣不事二主」之節，昭然若揭. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">信：信為五常之德. 《論語》云：「自古皆有死，人無信不立. 」　帝平生守信重義，一諾千金，雖死無改. 關帝與先主素昧平生，涿郡聚首，憑桃園一炷香，便信守著「不同生，願同死」的誓言. 任金石流、河海枯，都不改此諾言. 這是大丈夫忠信的明證. 在屯土山祂與曹操約三事，其中有一事言：若他日知兄長下落，雖千山萬水亦必往投. 後知劉先主在河北袁紹處，甘冒著曹操可能暗殺或追殺的危險，千里單騎，護嫂尋兄去. 祂之使曹操想殺、能殺，而卒不能動手者，憑恃的也是這個「信」字. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">禮：禮者，人之模範，世之儀表，所以定親疏、決嫌疑、別異同，明是非也. 道德仁義，非禮不成；教訓正俗，非禮不備；分爭辯訟，非禮不決；君臣上下父子兄弟，非禮不定；宦學事師，非禮不親；班朝治軍，蒞官行法，非禮威嚴不行；禱祠祭祀、供給鬼神，非禮不誠不莊. 關帝在生活中始終遵守著人倫之節，君臣之禮. 在還許昌的途上，於路安歇館驛，曹操欲亂其君臣之禮，使　關帝與二嫂共處一室，甘、糜二夫人，淑美於時，曹操左右曾損燭壁觀之，然關帝乃秉燭立於戶外，自夜達旦，毫無倦色，曹操看到　關帝「秉燭待旦」這樣守禮，愈加敬服. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">義：義者，心之制、事之宜、不偏之理，不易之道也. 關帝志在《春秋》，《春秋》最重君臣之義. 關帝最為後世所尊崇和敬仰的，就是祂「精忠沖日月，義氣貫乾坤」的這個「義」字. 我們讀後漢三國這一段歷史，獨同情蜀國的覆亡，而斥魏、吳之非者，固因魏、吳之不忠於漢，更直接的原因，是「桃園結義」兄弟，所秉持的綱常節義. 設若　關帝中途背義降曹、或降吳，設若劉先主在　關帝成仁取義之後，為了保住自己的江山，而不提師親伐東吳，後人對三國紛爭的六七十年歷史，將只見一團血影刀光，而不見「人性」「倫常」「節義」於此吐露芬芳、散發光芒. 更看不到可歌可泣，賺人熱淚，流傳千古的忠義故事. 義無反顧，生死以之，富貴權勢不足以動其心，　關帝所恃者，亦唯一「義」字，故能在死生之際有所為、有所不為. 後世以「忠義參天」、「義溥雲天」、「節義千秋」來讚譽　關帝，也唯有　關帝當之無愧. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">廉：關帝一生以國事為念，以道義為先，財帛自不在眼中，要離開許昌曹營時，「封金掛印」而去，來清去白，足證　關帝霽月光風之胸襟. 其後撫鎮荊襄九郡八載，所勞者軍務，所念者蒼生，未聞置府第，蓄錢財，　關帝在「廉」字上，亦堪與古聖賢相媲美. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; text-indent: -28.05pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 28.05pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">恥：知恥近乎勇. 關帝一生盡忠守義，以不能匡扶漢室，掃滅亂臣賊子為恥，可以說是時時不忘「恥」字的英雄人物. 劉先主入川囑託　關帝守荊州，臨去之時，諸葛亮對　關帝提供的防守戰略是北拒曹魏，東連孫吳，後來東吳要和　關帝聯姻，圖以關帝之女適孫權之子，　關帝斷然不許，何也？蓋　關帝恥以兒女私情作國家之屏障，再則恥與不忠不義之孫權聯姻. 及至兵敗被扼，面斥孫權，刀斧無懼，蓋其心但存「忠義」而早將生死置之度外，故最後丈夫死節，雖敗而不辱大節，這也正是知恥的最高境界. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 24pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">關帝一生，盡忠盡義，匡扶漢室，宏揚倫理道德，以身示範，八德全修，由人道之極致而入於神道，以達於聖域. 故雖肉身滅度，而浩氣長存，英靈不滅，登大羅天，證菩提果，為中天玉皇大帝，成仁義蓋天古佛，豈不偉歟！ <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 27pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-bottom: 1.5gd">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; line-height: 24pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 27pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-para-margin-bottom: 1.5gd"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">關帝成聖後，神靈顯赫，威震天下，深受群黎之敬拜，歷代帝王之敬仰，累加誥封，封號長達二十六字. 曰：忠義神武靈佑仁勇威顯護國保民精誠綏靖翊贊宣德關聖大帝. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 標楷體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt">